Impact Growth Capital Newsletter

How Higher Rates Changed the Rules of Capital Allocation

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This week at IGC:
Why we focus on workforce housing and mission-critical software when capital is no longer cheap.

Built for a world where capital has a cost

Last week looked like a regime shift. It wasn't. Here's how to separate market mechanics from economic reality and what matters for real asset investors.

The Shock: Most Violent Metals Move Since 1980

Quick reality check: 

The Federal Funds rate currently sits at 4.25-4.50% (as of January 2026). Compare that to the 0-0.25% range that defined 2008-2015 and again 2020-2022. For over a decade, near-zero rates pushed capital into riskier and riskier assets just to find yield. Today's environment has fundamentally reset the allocation playbook. This isn't temporary it's structural.

Current Fed Policy Snapshot

4.25-4.50%

Federal Funds Rate

425 bps

Increase Since March 2022

The Reset: This represents the fastest tightening cycle since the 1980s. The Fed has held rates in this range since December 2024, signaling a "higher-for-longer" stance rather than quick cuts back to zero.

Interest rate policy is more than a number. It's the foundation for how capital gets priced, where liquidity flows, and how portfolios are positioned across every asset class.

Here are the 5 fundamental shifts every allocator needs to understand in this new environment.

1

The Cost of Capital Has Reset

For years, near-zero rates compressed risk premiums and forced capital outward along the risk curve. Investors had no choice but to chase yield in progressively riskier assets.

Today, with policy rates sitting meaningfully higher, discipline has returned to pricing. Capital is no longer forced into risk it's choosing risk more selectively.

How This Changes Allocation:

  • Public fixed income is competitive again, drawing capital that once chased yield in private markets

  • Equity valuations face more scrutiny, especially growth assets reliant on distant cash flows

  • Private market underwriting must clear a higher hurdle rate 

2

Liquidity Now Carries a Premium

When rates rise, liquidity tightens. This doesn't just affect borrowers it fundamentally changes portfolio construction decisions.

Institutional investors are increasingly prioritizing assets with predictable cash flows, strong balance sheets, lower refinancing risk, and durable demand drivers.

The Shift:

  • Capital is gravitating toward resilience over expansion

  • Cash flow visibility matters more than growth projections

  • Conservative leverage structures outperform aggressive ones

3

Dispersion Is Returning to Markets

In low-rate environments, correlations tend to rise and asset performance becomes broad-based. "A rising tide lifts all boats."

In higher-rate regimes, dispersion increases. That means asset selection matters more than market exposure.

Clear Separation Between:

  • Well-capitalized operators vs. over-leveraged ones

  • Assets with structural demand vs. cyclical exposure

  • Income-producing investments vs. speculative growth plays

This environment rewards fundamental analysis and operational execution, not passive beta.

4

Allocation Is Shifting From Momentum to Durability

Perhaps the most important change is psychological. The allocation mindset is moving away from chasing upside driven by cheap capital, toward preserving downside protection while capturing steady returns.

This Favors Strategies That Emphasize:

  • Cash flow visibility over growth narratives

  • Capital stack efficiency over maximum leverage

  • Operational value creation over multiple expansion

  • Long-term demand fundamentals over short-term momentum

In this rate environment, returns are increasingly generated through structure and discipline, not multiple expansion.

5

Real Assets Regain Strategic Relevance

Higher policy rates don't automatically mean weaker performance for real assets. In fact, certain segments benefit from the shift.

Why Real Assets Work in This Environment:

  • Income stability becomes more valuable when volatility rises

  • Inflation-linked revenue streams provide natural hedging

  • Supply constraints support pricing power in essential sectors

The key distinction is leverage structure. Assets supported by conservative debt and durable tenant demand remain positioned to perform, even as financing conditions tighten.

Key Takeaway

The Fed's rate posture isn't just a macro backdrop it's reshaping how capital evaluates risk, liquidity, and durability across portfolios. In a higher-rate world, the edge belongs to investors who understand how policy influences positioning, and who focus on assets that generate consistent performance regardless of market sentiment.

Bottom Line

We focus on workforce housing (necessity-driven demand, inflation-linked cash flows, conservative leverage) and vertical SaaS serving essential industries (recurring revenue, operational resilience). Both strategies emphasize cash flow visibility and structural demand—not dependence on cheap capital or multiple expansion. This is how we position for a higher-rate regime where discipline matters more than momentum.

Jesse Sells
Founder | Impact Growth Capital

Curious how this volatility is shaping real asset strategy?
Let’s walk through our current pipeline and capital stack approach.

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